附录一WhatIBelieve[1]02
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IarrivedinAmeriism，butIsoonmadefriendsaobeveryforyaheimismandessoftheAmerisimpressedmemostfavorably。Inthislandthereseemednothingwhiotbeachievedbyhumanintellige。Iotescapetheofthischeerfuloutlookonlife，whithecourseofafewyears，graduallycuredmyprematuresenility。
&toseeafootballgameforthefirsttime，Isattherephilosophicallyamusedbytheroughhegameandbythewildyellsandcheerswhichseemedtomequitebeyoftheuudent。But，asthestrugglebeoreexg，Ibegantocatthusiasm。Theurningmyhead，Isawtherofessorofbotany，Mr。lee，gandyellingiiness，asoashamedofmyselfthatIwassenthusiasticallywiththecrowd。
EvenduridaysiyearsoftheeseRepubliagedtokeepupmygoodaletterwrittentoaesefriend，Isaid:“Nothingishopelessexyouaupashopeless。”Inmydiaries，IwrotedownsuchquotationsasthisfromClough:“Ifhopesaredupes，fearsareliars。”Orthis，inmyowion，fr:
Ournedhisback，butmarchedbreastfor>
&edclouds>
hhtrongwouldtriumph，Heldwefalltorise，arebaffledtofightbetter，sleepto>
InJanuary，1914，Iwrotethisentryinmydiary:“IbelievethatthegreatestthingIhavelearnedsingaisthisoptimisticphilosophyoflife。”In1915IwasawardedtheHiramPrizeforthebestessayoBrowofmyessaywas“InDefense’sOptimism。”Ithinkitwaslargelymygraduallygedoutlookomademespeakwithasenseofintakinguphisdefense。
IbegaycareerasastudentiateCollegeofAgricultureativersity。Mychoicewasbasedoheinathataesestudentmustlear，aureandphilosophywerenotsideredofanypracticaluse。Buttherewasalsoaneotive:theCollegeofAgriculturetheiohoughtImightbeabletosaveapartofmymonthlyallowaomymother。
Ihadhadnoexperienawasnotinagriculture。ThefreshmanEnglishLiteratureaerestedmefarmorethanFarmPradPomology。Afterhesitatingforayearandahalf，IfinallytraheCollegeofArtsahepenaltyofpayiers’tuitioonce，whionths’privation。ButIfeltmoreathomeiudiesandhavehege。
AtheHistoryofEuropeanPhilosophy—uinspirihelateProfessorJ。E。etomajorinPhilosophy。IalsotookakeeinEnglishLiteratureandPolitice。TheSageSchoolofPhilosophyatellwasastrongholdofIdealism。Usguidahemoreimportantworksoftheclassicalphilosophersofaaimes。IalsoreadtheseworksofsuchlaterIdealistsasBradleyandBosaheirproblemsedme。
In1915IwenttobiaUyandstudiedunderProfessorJohhesummerof1917，wheoderDewey’sinspiration，IwrotemydissertationooftheLogicalMethodia，”whichmademerereadthephilossofadlaidthefoundationforallmylaterresearthehistoryofesethought。
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Duringmy7yearsinAmerica，Ihadmara-curricularactivitieswhichprobablyhadasmuylifeandthoughtasmyuywork。
&heIionalPolityClubswerefouheleadershipofNasmythandNell，Iwasoivemembersandpartitheirfirsttwoannual1916IwasawardedtheIionalPolityClubPrizeformyessayon“IsThereaSubstituteforForternatioions?”inwhichIexpouhephilosophyofaleagueofnationsontheideaoflawasanizedforce。
MyreadingofIbsen，JohnMorley，ametheimportanestthinkingaspeaking。IreadallofIbsen’splaysandarticularlypleasedbyAhePeople。Morley’sessay，“Onise，”firstreeomebymygoodfriehCliffordWilliams，hasremaihemostimportantspiritualinfluenylife。Morleyhastaughtmethat“apribesousohelargerexpedieoabandonthatforthesakeofsomeseemihehour，istosacrificethegreatergoodfortheless。Nothingissosuretoimpoverishaodepriveduobleness，andcharacterofelevation。”
&illfurtherahodofiualhoy。Hemerelysays:“Givemesuceaswouldjustifymeihingelse，andIwillbelievethat（theimmortalityofman）。Itisalktomeofanalogiesandprobabilities。IknowwhatImeanwhenIsayIbelieveiheinversedsquare，andIwillmylifeandmyhopesupoions。”Huxleyhasalsosaid，“Themostsaaosayandtofeel‘Ibelievesudsuchtobetrue。’Allthegreatestrewards，apenaltiesofexistenguponthatact。”
ItisfromProfessorDeweythatIhavelearhemostsacredresponsibilityofamaoehihinksluggishly，tothinkwithardtotheasandcesofthought，toacceptready-madeandusaspremisesofthinking，toallowpersonalfasciouslytoihinking，ortofailtotestone’sideasbywouttheirresultsistobeiuallyirrespohegreatestdiscoveriesoftruth，acalamitiesinhistory，dependuponthis。
Deweyhasgivenusaphilosophyofthinkingwhichtreatsthinkingasanart，asateique。AndihinandEssaysialLogichehasworkedoutthisteiquewhichIhavefouonlyofthediscoveriesialsces，butalsoofthebestresearthehistorices，suchastextualcriticism，philologistrudhighercritiallthesefields，thebestresultshavebeehesameteique，whiitsessesofaboldnessiinghypothesescoupledwithamostsolicitardfordverifi。ThislaboratoryteiqueofthiheiveIntelligeistrulycreativeintheexeraginatioyinseekingevidenddevisiaisfactoryresultsthatflowfromthesuccessfulfruitionofthinking。
Curiouslyenough，thisiallogiedmeintoahistoricalresearchworker。Ihavelearhiidthisgeofthinkihekeytosuallmysubsequentworkioryofthoughtaure。Morecuriousstill，thishistoricalwayofthinkinghasnotmademeaservativebutalrogressive。Forinstance，myargumentsfortheliteraryrevolutioninahavebeeirelybasedupontheusofhistoricalevolutionandtheyhavebeensofarunanswerablebymyoppos。
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&hofmymotherinNovember，1918，wastheowhichledtothefirstformulationofthecredoforwhichIhadbeengropiworldforover14years。ItublishedinFebruary，1919，iitled“Immortality，MyReligion。”
BeyearlybsIhadloedtheideaofpersonalsurvivalafterdeath。FormanyyearsIhadyselfwitharihreeImmortalities”whidisoentaryontheChiu，whereitwasrecordedthatthewisestatesmanShu-sinPaodetheyear548B。fuciuswasonly3yearsold）thattherewerethreekindsofimmortality:theimmortalityofVirtue，ofServidofWiseSpeech。“Thesearenotteimeandthatiswhatismeantbyimmortalityafterdeath。”ThisdoeattrauchthatIoftenfriendsaherialityofthethreeork，andWords）。”
Mymother’sdeathsetmethihisproblem，aofeelthatthedoeoftheThreeImmortalitieswasinneedofrevision。Itisdefethefirstplabeingtooexclusive。Holearethereinthisworldwhoseatsinvirtue，inserviliteraryandphilosophiotteime?Christopherbus，forexample，maybeimmortal，buthowabouttheothermembersofhiscrew?Howaboutthemenwhobuilthisshipsorfurools，orthemanypioneersavedthewayforhimeitherbyceousthinkingorbysuccessfulorunsuccessfulexplorationsoftheseas?Howmuustoneaordertoattainimmortality?
Inthesedplace，thisdoefailstofurnishaiveanduct。Virtueisimmortal，buthowaboutvice?ShallweagaihebeliefiDayandHellFire?
AsIreviewedthelifeofmydeadmother，whoseactivitieshadhetrivialdetailsofthehomebutwhoseinfluencecouldbeclearlyseenohosemenandwomeomourh，ahepersonalinfluenyfatheronherwholelifeanditslastionmyself，Icametothethateverythingisimmortal。Everythingthatweare，everythingthatwedo，ahatwesayisimmortaliithasitseffeewhereinthisworld，ainturnwillhaveitsresultssome-whereelse，ahinggoesoniimeandspace。